Analysis
We are interested in obtaining Poincar\’e and log-Sobolev inequalities on domains in sub-Riemannian manifolds
(equipped with their natural sub-Riemannian metric and volume measure).
It is well-known that strictly sub-Riemannian manifolds do not satisfy any type of Curvature-Dimension condition
CD(K,N), introduced by Lott-Sturm-Villani some 15 years ago, so we must follow a different path. We show that
while ideal (strictly) sub-Riemannian manifolds do not satisfy any type of CD condition, they do satisfy a
quasi-convex relaxation thereof, which we name QCD(Q,K,N). As a consequence, these spaces satisfy numerous
functional inequalities with exactly the same quantitative dependence (up to a factor of Q) as their CD
counterparts. We achieve this by extending the localization paradigm to completely general interpolation
inequalities, and a one-dimensional comparison of QCD densities with their “CD upper envelope”. We thus obtain
the best known quantitative estimates for (say) the L^p-Poincar\’e and log-Sobolev inequalities on domains in
the ideal sub-Riemannian setting, which in particular are independent of the topological dimension. For instance,
the classical Li-Yau / Zhong-Yang spectral-gap estimate holds on all Heisenberg groups of arbitrary dimension up
to a factor of 4.
No prior knowledge will be assumed, and we will (hopefully) explain all of the above notions during the talk.
I will discuss the Poisson bracket invariant of a cover, which was introduced by L. Polterovich.
Initially, this invariant was studied via Floer theory, and lower bounds for it were established in
some situations. I will try to explain how one can obtain the conjectural lower bound in dimension 2, using only elementary arguments. This is a joint work with A. Logunov and S. Tanny, with a
contribution of F. Nazarov.
A sequence in a Banach space $E$ is called $G$-weak convergent, relative to a set $G$
of homeomorphisms of $E$ if $\forall g_k \in G$, $g_k(u_k-u)\rightharpoonup 0$. An
embedding of two Banach spaces is called $G$-cocompact if every $G$-weakly convergent
sequence in $E$ is convergent in $F$. Cocompact embeddings allow to improve convergence
of bounded sequences beyond weak convergence when there is no pertinent compactness.
On a series of examples in Sobolev, Besov, Lorenz-Zygmund, and Stricharz spaces, we show
how cocompactness follows from compactness via a suitable decomposition, for example the
Littlewood-Paley decomposition or the wavelet expansion.
Following work of Evert, Helton, Klep and McCullough on free LMI domains, we ask when a matrix
convex set is the closed convex hull of its Choquet points. This is a finite-dimensional version
of Arveson's non-commutative Krein-Milman theorem, and in fact some matrix convex sets can fail
to have any Choquet points. The general problem of determining whether a given matrix convex set
has this property turns out to be difficult because for certain matrix convex sets this is
equivalent to a weak version of Tsirelson's problem. This weak variant of Tsirelson's problem is
known to be equivalent to Connes' embedding conjecture, and is considered a hard problem by many
experts. Our approach provides new geometric variants of Tsirelson type problems for pairs of
convex polytopes which may be easier to rule out than Tsirelson's original problems.
In this talk, I will present some of my results in multiple translational tiling
in the Euclidean plane. For examples, besides parallelograms and centrally symmetric
hexagons, there is no other convex domain which can form any two-, three- or four-fold
translative tiling in the plane. However, there are two types of octagons and one type
of decagons which can form nontrivial five-fold translative tilings. Furthermore, a
convex domain can form a five-fold translative tiling of the plane if and only if it
can form a five-fold lattice tiling, a multiple translational tile in the plane is a
multiple lattice tile. This talk is based on a joint work with Professor Chuanming Zong.
In this talk I will present Nevanlinna-type tight bounds on the minimal possible
growth of subharmonic functions with a large zero set. We use a technique inspired
by a paper of Jones and Makarov.
A celebrated theorem of C.L. Siegel from 1929 shows that the multiplicity of eigenvalues for the Laplace
eigenfunctions on the unit disk is at most two. More precisely, Siegel shows that positive zeros of Bessel
functions are transcendental. We study the fourth order clamped plate problem, showing that the multiplicity
of eigenvalues is uniformly bounded (by not more than six). Our method is based on new recursion formulas
and Siegel-Shidlovskii theory. The talk is based on a joint work with Yuri Lvovsky.
The classical result due to Funk is about the reconstruction of even functions on
the unit sphere in $R^n$ from their integrals over the cross-sections by the
hyperplanes (or k-planes) through the origin. In modern applications in tomography
and imaging, this transform is involved in reconstruction methods in diffusion MRI.
Last years, the shifted Funk transform, with the common point (center) of the cross-
sections different form the origin, has been studied by several authors. My talk
will be devoted to new results in this area. I will touch upon the description of
the kernel of the shifted Funk transform and its relation with the classical one,
delivered by action of the pseudo-orthogonal group on the unit real ball. In most
cases, the kernel is nontrivial, so that inverting the transform is impossible.
However, it appears that to completely recover a function on the unit sphere a pair
Funk data may be enough and this possibility depends on the mutual location of the
centers. The size of the common kernel of a paired transform appears to be related
with the type of iteration dynamics of certain billiard-like self-mapping of the
unit sphere and understanding this dynamics yields necessary and sufficient conditions
of the injectivity of the paired Funk transform. In the cases of injectivity, we
present a reconstruction procedure in terms of an $L^p$-convergent Neumann type series
with p in a certain range. It is a joint work with Boris Rubin from Louisiana State University.
In the classical sources, Salem's necessary conditions for a trigonometric series to be the Fourier
series of an integrable function are given in terms of ``some" sums. Realizing that, in fact, they
are given in terms of the discrete Hilbert transforms, we generalize these to the non-periodic case,
for functions from the Wiener algebra. Other relations of the two objects are also discussed.
The obtained necessary condition is used to construct a monotone function with non-integrable cosine
Fourier transform in a much easier way than in the classical book \cite{Ti} by Titchmarsh.
Certain open problems are posed.
Which domains in Euclidean space admit a basis of exponential functions? The answer
depends on what we mean by a "basis". The best one can hope for is to have an orthogonal
basis of exponentials, but it is well-known that many reasonable domains do not have such
a basis. In this case, a Riesz basis is the next best thing one can hope for. I will
discuss a recent result joint with Alberto Debernardi, which deals with the construction
of Riesz bases of exponentials for convex polytopes in R^d.
We will discuss generating functionals on locally compact
quantum groups. One type of examples comes from probability: the family
of distributions of a L\'evy process form a convolution semigroup,
which in turn admits a natural generating functional. Another type
of examples comes from (locally compact) group theory, involving semigroups
of positive-definite functions and conditionally negative-definite
functions, which provide important information about the group's geometry.
We will explain how these notions are related and how all this extends
to the quantum world; see how generating functionals may be (re)constructed
and study their domains; and indicate how our results can be used
to study cocycles. Based on joint work with Adam Skalski.
Given an integral transform on the positive real line, we say that its kernel is
splitting if it satisfies upper pointwise estimates given by products of two
functions, each of them taken in a different variable. We discuss necessary and/or
sufficient conditions weighted norm inequalities involving these transforms to
hold. Sharpness of the results is directly related to the sharpness of the upper
estimates for the kernels that we find.
One of the most interesting properties of the so called bandlimited functions
(=Palley-Wiener functions), i. e. functions whose Fourier transform has compact
support, is that they are uniquely determined by their values on some countable sets
of points and can be reconstructed from such values in a stable way. The sampling
problem for band limited functions had attracted attention of many mathematicians.
The mathematical theory of reconstruction of band limited functions from discrete
sets of samples was introduced to the world of signal analysis and information
theory by Shannon. Later the concept of bandlimitedness and the Sampling Theorem
became the theoretical foundation of many branches of the information theory.
In the talk I will show how these ideas can be extended to the setting of Riemannian
manifolds and combinatorial graphs. It is an active field of research which
found numerous applications in machine learning, astrophysics, and statistics.
We study some nonlocal problems for operator differential equations of the form
$$\frac{dv}{dt} = Av + f(t)$$
with an unbounded operator A in vector spaces. For a wide classes of equations we obtain necessary
and sufficient conditions of the unique solvability and the formulas for solutions of such problems.
In the second part of the talk we present fast numerical algorithms for solution of these problems
for matrix equations with rank structured matrices.
The estimating holomorphic functionals on the classes of univalent functions depending on the
Taylor coefficients $a_n$ of these functions is important in various geometric and physical
applications of complex analysis, because these coefficients reflect the fundamental intrinsic
features of conformal maps.
The goal of the talk is to outline the proof of a new general theorem on maximization of homogeneous
polynomial (in fact, more general holomorphic) coefficient functionals
$$J(f) = J(a_{m_1}, a_{m_2},\dots, a_{m_n})$$
on some classes of univalent functions in the unit disk naturally connected with the canonical class $S$.
The theorem states that under a natural assumption on zero set of $J$ this functional is maximized only
by the Koebe function $\kappa(z) = z/(1 - z)^2$ composed with pre and post rotations about the origin.
The proof involves a deep result from the Teichm\"{u}ller space theory given by the Bers isomorphism
theorem for Teichm\"{u}ller spaces of punctured Riemann surfaces. The given functional $J$ is lifted
to the Teichm\"{u}ller space $\mathbf T_1$ of the punctured disk $\mathbb D_{*} = \{0 < |z| < 1\}$ which is
biholomorphically equivalent to the Bers fiber space over the universal Teichm\"{u}ller space. This generates
a positive subharmonic function on the disk $\{|t| < 4\}$ with $\sup_{|t|<4} u(t) = \max_{\mathbf T_1} |J|$
attaining this maximal value only on the boundary circle, which correspond to rotations of the Koebe function.
Our theorem implies new sharp distortion estimates for univalent functions giving explicitly the extremal
functions and creates a new bridge between the Teichm\"{u}ller space theory and geometric complex analysis.
In particular, it provides an alternate and direct proof of the Bieberbach conjecture.
A Chebyshev-type quadrature for a given weight function is a quadrature formula
with equal weights. We show that a method presented by Kane may be used to determine
the order of magnitude of the minimal number of nodes required in Chebyshev-type
quadratures for doubling weight functions, extending a long line of research on
Chebyshev-type quadratures starting with the 1937 work of Bernstein.
Joint work with Ron Peled.
In various settings, from computer graphics to financial mathematics, it is necessary
to smoothly interpolate a convex curve from a set of data points. Standard interpolation
schemes do not respect convexity, and existing special purpose methods require arbitrary
choices and/or give interpolants that are very flat between data points. We consider a
broad set of spline-type schemes and show that convexity preservation requires the basic
spline to be infinitely differentiable but nonanalytic at its endpoints. Using such a
scheme - which essentially corresponds to building-in the possibility of "very flatness"
ab initio, rather than, say, enforcing it through extreme parameter choices - gives far
more satisfactory numerical results.
Joint work with Eli Passov
In various settings, from computer graphics to financial mathematics, it is necessary to smoothly interpolate a convex curve from a set of data points. Standard interpolation schemes do not respect convexity, and existing special purpose methods require arbitrary choices and/or give interpolants that are very flat between data points. We consider a broad set of spline-type schemes and show that convexity preservation requires the basic spline to be infinitely differentiable but nonanalytic at its endpoints. Using such a scheme - which essentially corresponds to building-in the possibility of "very flatness"
ab initio, rather than, say, enforcing it through extreme parameter choices - gives far more satisfactory numerical results.
Joint work with Eli Passov.
Classical Hardy's inequalities are concerned with the Hardy operator
and its adjoint, the Bellman operator. Hausdorff operators in their various forms
are natural generalizations of these two operators. We adjust
the scheme used by Bradley for Hardy's inequalities with general weights to the
Hausdorff setting. It is not surprising that the obtained necessary conditions differ
from the sufficient conditions as well as that both depend not only on weights but
also on the kernel that generate the Hausdorff operator. For the Hardy and Bellman
operators, the obtained necessary and sufficient conditions coincide and reduce to the classical ones.
We will discuss some problems related to Hankel transforms of \textbf{real-valued} general monotone functions,
some of them generalize previously known results, and some others are completely new. To mention some, we give
a criterion for uniform convergence of Hankel transforms, and we also give a solution to Boas' problem in this
context. In particular, the latter implies a generalization of the well-known Hardy-Littlewood inequality for
Fourier transforms.
This talk is based on joint work with Mark Elin and Toshiyuki Sugawa. Let $f$
\ be the infinitesimal generator of a one-parameter semigroup $\left\{
F_{t}\right\} _{t>0}$ of holomorphic self-mappings of the open unit disk,
i.e., $f=\lim_{t\rightarrow 0}\frac{1}{t}\left( I-F_{t}\right) .$ In this
work, we study properties of the resolvent family $R=\left\{ \left(
I+rf\right) ^{-1}\right\} _{r>0}$ \ in the spirit of geometric function
theory. We discovered, in particular, that $R$ forms an inverse Loewner
chain and consists of starlike functions of order $\alpha >1/2$. Moreover,
each element of $R$ satisfies the Noshiro-Warshawskii condition $\left(
\func{Re}\left[ \left( I+rf\right) ^{-1}\right] ^{\prime }\left( z\right)
>0\right) .$ This, in turn, implies that all elements of $R$ are also
holomorphic generators. Finally, we study the existence of repelling fixed
points of this family.
Two important results in Boolean analysis highlight the role of majority functions in the theory
of noise stability. Benjamini, Kalai, and Schramm (1999) showed that a boolean monotone function
is noise-stable if and only if it is correlated with a weighted majority. Mossel, O’Donnell, and
Oleszkiewicz (2010) showed that simple majorities asymptotically maximize noise stability among
low influence functions. In the talk, we will discuss and review progress from the last decade
in our understanding of the interplay between Majorities and noise-stability. In particular, we
will discuss a generalization of the BKS theorem to non-monotone functions, stronger and more
robust versions of Majority is Stablest and the Plurality is Stablest conjecture. We will also
discuss what these results imply for voting.
In 1956, Busemann and Petty posed a series of questions about
symmetric convex bodies, of which only the first one has been solved.
Their fifth problem asks the following.
Let K be an origin symmetric convex body in the n-dimensional Euclidean
space and let H_x be a hyperplane passing through the origin orthogonal to
a unit direction x. Consider a hyperplane G parallel to H_x and supporting
to K and let C(K,x)=vol(K\cap H_x)dist (0, G).
If there exists a constant C such that for all directions x we have
C(K,x)=C, does it follow that K is an ellipsoid?
We give an affirmative answer to this problem for bodies sufficiently
close to the Euclidean ball in the Banach-Mazur distance. This is a joint
work with Maria Alfonseca, Fedor Nazarov and Vlad Yaskin.
In this talk, we will discuss what is special about the Hardy spaces $H^2(\mathbb{D})$ and its
multiplier algebra $H^{\infty}(\mathbb{D})$, from the point of view of operators algebras and
function theory. I will present two generalizations of the pair $H^2$ and $H^{\infty}$ to the
multivariable setting. One commutative and one noncommutative. We will then discuss a natural
classification question that arises in the multivariable setups of algebras of analytic functions
on subvarieties of the unit ball. These algebras arise naturally as universal operator algebras
of a class of row contractions. Only basic familiarity with operators on Hilbert spaces and complex
analysis is assumed.
The horospherical Radon transform integrates functions on the n-dimensional real
hyperbolic space over d-dimensional horospheres, where d is a fixed integer, $1\le d\le n-1$.
Using the tools of real analysis, we obtain sharp existence conditions and explicit inversion
formulas for these transforms acting on smooth functions and functions belonging to $L^p$. The
case d = n-1 agrees with the classical Gelfand-Graev transform which was studied before in
terms of the distribution theory on rapidly decreasing smooth functions. The results for
$L^p$-functions and the case d < n-1 are new. This is a joint work with William O. Bray.
We prove that each function of one variable forming a continuous finite sum of ridge functions
on a convex body belongs to the VMO space on every compact interval of its domain. Also, we prove that for the existence of finite limits of the functions of one variable forming the sum at the
corresponding boundary points of their domains, it suffices to assume the Dini condition on the
modulus of continuity of some continuous sum of ridge functions on a convex body E at some boundary point. Further, we prove that the obtained (Dini) condition is sharp.
Asymptotic-wise results for the Fourier transform of a function of convex type are proved.
Certain refinement of known one-dimensional results due to Trigub gives a possibility to
obtain their multidimensional generalizations.
We investigate conditions for the logarithmic complete
monotonicity of a quotient of two products of gamma functions, where
the argument of each gamma function has a different scaling factor. We
give necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of non-negativity of
some elementary functions and some more practical sufficient
conditions in terms of parameters. Further, we study the representing
measure in Bernstein’s theorem for both equal and non-equal scaling
factors. This leads to conditions on the parameters under which Meijer’s
G-function or Fox’s H-function represents an infinitely divisible
probability distribution on the positive half-line.
We consider Iterated Function Systems of linear fractional transformations, and show that the
Hausdorff dimension of the attractor is given by the Bowen's pressure formula, if the Iterated
Function Systems satisfy the exponential separation condition. We also show that almost every
finite collections of $GL_n( \mathbb{R} )$ matrices are Diophantine if the matrices have positive
entries. This is a joint work with Boris Solomyak.
We construct an example showing the sharpness of certain weighted weak type (1,1) bounds
for the Hilbert transform. This is joint work with Fedor Nazarov and Sheldy Ombrosi.
It is known that the Fourier transform of a measure which vanishes on [-a,a]
must have asymptotically at least a/pi zeroes per unit interval.
One way to quantify this further is using a probabilistic model:
Let f be a Gaussian stationary process on R whose spectral measure vanishes on [-a,a].
What is the probability that it has no zeroes on an interval of length L?
Our main result shows that this probability is at most e^{-c a^2 L^2}, where c>0 is an absolute constant.
This settles a question which was open for a while in the theory of Gaussian processes.
I will explain how to translate the probabilistic problem to a problem of minimizing weighted
L^2 norms of polynomials against the spectral measure, and how we solve it using tools from
harmonic and complex analysis. Time permitting, I will discuss lower bounds.
Based on a joint work with Ohad Feldheim, Benjamin Jaye, Fedor Nazarov and Shahaf Nitzan (arXiv:1801.10392).
In the trace reconstruction problem, an unknown string $x$ of $n$ bits is observed through
the deletion channel, which deletes each bit with some constant probability $q$, yielding
a contracted string. How many independent outputs (traces) of the deletion channel are needed
to reconstruct $x$ with high probability?
The best lower bound known is of order $n^{1.25}$. Until 2016, the best upper bound available
was exponential in the square root of $n$. With Fedor Nazarov, we improve the square root to
a cube root using complex analysis (bounds for Littlewood polynomials on the unit circle).
This upper bound is sharp for reconstruction algorithms that only use this statistical information.
(Similar results were obtained independently and concurrently by De, O’Donnell and Servedio). If
the string $x$ is random and $q<1/2$, we can show a subpolynomial number of traces suffices by
comparison to a biased random walk. (Joint work with Alex Zhai, FOCS 2017). With Nina Holden and
Robin Pemantle (COLT 2018), we removed the restriction $q<1/2$ for random inputs.
In the trace reconstruction problem, an unknown string $x$ of $n$ bits is observed through the deletion channel, which deletes each bit with some constant probability $q$, yielding a contracted string. How many independent outputs (traces) of the deletion channel are needed to reconstruct $x$ with high probability?
The best lower bound known is of order $n^{1.25}$. Until 2016, the best upper bound available was exponential in the square root of $n$. With Fedor Nazarov, we improve the square root to a cube root using complex analysis (bounds for Littlewood polynomials on the unit circle). This upper bound is sharp for reconstruction algorithms that only use this statistical information. (Similar results were obtained independently and concurrently by De, O’Donnell and Servedio). If the string $x$ is random and $q<1/2$, we can show a subpolynomial number of traces suffices by comparison to a biased random walk. (Joint work with Alex Zhai, FOCS 2017). With Nina Holden and Robin Pemantle (COLT 2018), we removed the restriction $q<1/2$ for random inputs.
We study the asymptotic behavior of the ratio $|f(z)|/|z|$ as $z\to 0$ for homeomorphic mappings
differentiable almost everywhere in the unit disc with non-degenerated Jacobian. The main tools
involve the length-area functionals and angular dilatations depending on some real number $p.$
The results are applied to homeomorphic solutions of a nonlinear Beltrami equation. The estimates
are illustrated by examples.
We study geometry and combinatorial structures of phase portrait of some nonlinear
kinetic dynamical systems as models of circular gene networks in order to find conditions
of existence of cycles of these systems. Some sufficient conditions of existence of their
stable cycles are obtained as well.
A set $\Omega$ in $R^d$ is called spectral if the space $L^2(\Omega)$ admits an orthogonal basis consisting of exponential
functions. Which sets $\Omega$ are spectral? This question is known as "Fuglede's spectral set problem".
In the talk we will be focusing on the case of product domains, namely, when $\Omega = AxB$.
In this case, it is conjectured that $\Omega$ is spectral if and only if the factors A and B are both spectral.
We will discuss some new results, joint with Nir Lev, supporting this conjecture, and their applications
to the study of spectrality of convex polytopes.
Many well-known (classes of) differential equations may be viewed as an equation in a certain
commutative nonassociative algebra. We develop further the principal idea of L. Markus for deriving
algebraic properties of solutions to ODEs and PDEs directly from the equations defining them.
Our main purpose is a) to show how the algebraic formalism can be applied with great success to a
remarkably elegant description of the geometry of curves being solutions to homogeneous polynomial ODEs,
and, on the other hand, b) to motivate the recent interest in applications of nonassociative algebra
methods to PDEs. More precisely, given a differential equation on an algebra A, we are interested in
the following two problems:
1. Which properties of the differential equation determine certain algebraic structures on $A$ such as
to be power associative, unital or division algebra.
2. In the converse direction, which properties of $A$ imply certain qualitative information about the
differential equation, for example topological equivalent classes, existence of a bounded, periodic,
ray solutions, ellipticity, etc.
We also define and discuss syzygies between Peirce numbers which provide an effective tool for our study.
(Some results here are based on a recent joint work with V. Tkachev.)
The Chazarain-Poisson summation formula for Riemannian manifolds (which generalizes the Poisson Summation formula)
computes the distribution trace. In the case of Riemannian surfaces with constant (sectional) curvature, we study
the holomorphic extension of the shifted trace. We have three generic cases according to the sign of the curvature:
the sphere, the torus and the compact hyperbolic surfaces of negative constant curvature. We use the shifted
Laplacian in order to be able to use the Selberg trace formula. Our results concern the case of the torus, the case
of a compact Riemannian surfaces with constant (sectional) negative curvature, and the case of a compact Riemannian
manifold of dimension $n$ and constant curvature, $n\ge 3$.
Smooth parametrization consists in a subdivision of a mathematical object under consideration into simple pieces,
and then parametric representation of each piece, while keeping control of high order derivatives. Main examples
for this talk are C^k or analytic parametrizations of semi-algebraic and o-minimal sets.
We provide an overview of some results, open and recently solved problems on smooth parametrizations, and their
applications in several apparently rather separated domains: Smooth Dynamics, Diophantine Geometry, and Analysis.
The structure of the results, open problems, and conjectures in each of these domains shows in many cases a
remarkable similarity, which we plan to stress.
We consider a special case of smooth parametrization: ``doubling coverings” (or “conformal invariant Whitney coverings”),
and “Doubling chains”. We present some new results on the complexity bounds for doubling coverings, doubling chains,
and on the resulting bounds in Kobayashi metric and Doubling inequalities. We plan also to present a short report on
a remarkable progress, recently achieved in this (large) direction by two independent groups (G. Binyamini, D. Novikov,
on one side, and R. Cluckers, J. Pila, A. Wilkie, on the other).
Given a measure on a subset of Euclidean spaces. The $L^2$ spherical averages of the Fourier transform of this measure was originally used to attack Falconer distance conjecture, via Mattila’s integral. In this talk, we will consider pinned distance problem, a stronger version of Falconer distance problem, and show that spherical averages imply the same dimensional threshold on both problems. In particular, with the best known spherical averaging estimates, we improve a result of Peres and Schlag on pinned distance problem significantly. The idea is to reduce the pinned distance problem to an integral where spherical averages apply. The key new ingredient is an identity between square functions.
The talk surveys joint works with T. Donchev and more recent ones with R. Baier.
We discuss some (continuous and discrete) versions of the celebrated Filippov
theorem on approximate solutions of differential (and difference) equations and
inclusions that extend classical stability results for differential equations
with continuous and discontinuous right-hand sides. We present some applications
related to numerical solution of differential equations and inclusions.
We discuss cubic and ternary algebras which are a direct generalization of Grassmann
and Clifford algebras, but with $Z_3$-grading replacing the usual $Z_2$-grading.
Elementary properties and structures of such algebras are discussed, with special interest
in low-dimensional ones, with two or three generators.
Invariant antisymmetric quadratic and cubic forms on such algebras are introduced, and it
is shown how the $SL(2,C)$ group arises naturally in the case of lowest dimension, with
two generators only, as the symmetry group preserving these forms.
We also show how the calculus of differential forms can be extended to include also second
differentials $d^2 x^i$, and how the $Z_3$ grading naturally appears when we assume that
$d^3 = 0$ instead of $d^2 = 0$.
Ternary analogue of the commutator is introduced, and its relation with usual Lie algebras
investigated, as well as its invariance properties.
We shall also discuss certain physical applications In particular, $Z_3$-graded gauge theory
is briefly presented, as well as ternary generalization of Pauli's exclusion principle and
ternary Dirac equation for quarks.
Let $\mu$ be a finitely-supported measure on $SL_{2}(\mathbb{R})$ generating a non-compact and
totally irreducible subgroup, and let $\nu$ be the associated stationary (Furstenberg) measure.
We prove that if the support of $\mu$ is ``Diophantine,'' then
$\dim\nu=\min\{1,\frac{h_{RW}(\mu)}{2\chi(\mu)}\}$
where $h_{RW}(\mu)$ is the random walk entropy of $\mu$, $\dim$ denotes pointwise dimension,
and $\chi$ is the Lyapunov exponent of the random walk generated by $\mu$.
In particular, for every $\delta>0$, there is a neighborhood $U$ of the identity in
$SL_{2}(\mathbb{R})$ such that if $\mu$ has support in $U$ on matrices with algebraic entries,
is atomic with all atoms of size at least $\delta$, and generates a group which is non-compact
and totally irreducible, then its stationary measure $\nu$ satisfies $\dim\nu=1$.
This is a joint work with M. Hochman.
In my talk, I will try to explain the concepts and motivate the result.
Maximal and atomic Hardy spaces $H^p$ and $H_A^p$ , $0 < p = 1$, are considered in
the setting of a doubling metric measure space in the presence of a non-negative
self-adjoint operator whose heat kernel has Gaussian localization. It is shown that
$H^p = H_A^p$ with equivalent norms.
In this talk we discuss the fine scale $L^2$-mass distribution of toral Laplace
eigenfunctions with respect to random position. For the 2-dimensional torus, under
certain flatness assumptions on the Fourier coefficients of the eigenfunctions and
generic restrictions on energy levels, both the asymptotic shape of the variance
and the limiting Gaussian law are established, in the optimal Planck-scale regime.
We also discuss the 3-dimensional case, where the asymptotic behaviour of the variance
is analysed in a more restrictive scenario. This is joint work with Igor Wigman.
Abstract: We present a construction of convex bodies from Borel measures on ${\mathbb R}^n$.
This construction allows us to study natural extensions of problems concerning the approximation
of convex bodies by polytopes. In particular, we study a variation of the vertex index which, in
a sense, measures how well a convex body can be inscribed into a polytope with small number of
vertices. We discuss several estimates for these quantities, as well as an application to bounding
certain average norms. Based on joint work with Han Huang.
We consider the classes of homeomorphisms of domains in $\mathbb R^n$ with $p$-moduli
of the families of curves and surfaces integrally bounded from above and below. These
classes essentially extend the well-known classes of mappings such as quasiconformal,
quaiisometric, Lipschitzian, etc.
In the talk, we survey the known results in this field but mainly establish new differential
properties of such mappings. A collection of related open problems will also be presented.
Let $\mu$ be a positive, finite measure on $R^d$. Is it possible to construct a
Fourier system which would constitute a frame in the space $L^2(\mu)$ ?
In the talk, I will explain the notion of a Fourier frame, discuss what is known
about the problem, and present some recent results.
We will consider the connections between very well uniformly distributed sequence
in s-torus, Quasi-Monte Carlo integration and the lattice points problem for parallelepiped.
Lattices are determined here from totally reel algebraic number fields and from "totally reel"
functional fields.
We will discuss convolution semigroups of states on locally
compact quantum groups. They generalize the families of distributions
of Levy processes from probability. We are particularly interested
in semigroups that are symmetric in a suitable sense. These are proved
to be in one-to-one correspondence with KMS-symmetric Markov semigroups
on the $L^{\infty}$ algebra that satisfy a natural commutation condition,
as well as with non-commutative Dirichlet forms on the $L^2$ space
that satisfy a natural translation invariance condition. This Dirichlet
forms machinery turns out to be a powerful tool for analyzing convolution
semigroups as well as proving their existence. We will use it to derive
geometric characterizations of the Haagerup Property and of Property (T)
for locally compact quantum groups, unifying and extending earlier
partial results. We will also show how examples of convolution semigroups
can be obtained via a cocycle twisting procedure. Based on joint work
with Adam Skalski.
Iterated Function Systems (IFS) have been at the heart of fractal geometry
almost from its origin, and several generalizations for the notion of IFS have
been suggested. Subdivision schemes are widely used in computer graphics and
attempts have been made to link limits generated by subdivision schemes to
fractals generated by IFS. With an eye towards establishing connection between
non-stationary subdivision schemes and fractals, this talk introduces a non-stationary
extension of Banach fixed-point theorem. We introduce the notion of ”trajectories of
maps defined by function systems” which may be considered as a new generalization of
the traditional IFS. The significance and the convergence properties of ’forward’ and
’backward’ trajectories is presented. Unlike the ordinary fractals which are self-similar
at different scales, the attractors of these trajectories may have different structures
at different scales. Joint work with Nira Dyn and Puthan Veedu Viswanathan.
In this talk we will discuss the boundedness of the maximal operator
with rough kernel in some non-standard function spaces, e.g. vari-
able Lebesgue spaces, variable Morrey spaces, Musielak-Orlicz spaces,
among others. We will also discuss the boundedness of the Riesz po-
tential operator with rough kernel in variable Morrey spaces. This is
based on joint work with S. Samko.
Kazhdan's Property (T) is a notion of fundamental importance, with numerous applications
in various fields of mathematics such as abstract harmonic analysis, ergodic theory and
operator algebras. By using Property (T), Connes was the first to exhibit a rigidity
phenomenon of von Neumann algebras. Since then, the various forms of Property (T) have
played a central role in operator algebras, and in particular in Popa's deformation/rigidity
theory.
This talk is devoted to some recent progress in the notion of Property (T) for locally
compact quantum groups. Most of our results are concerned with second countable discrete
unimodular quantum groups with low duals. In this class of quantum groups, Property (T) is
shown to be equivalent to Property (T)$^{1,1}$ of Bekka and Valette. As applications, we
extend to this class several known results about countable groups, including theorems on
"typical" representations (due to Kerr and Pichot) and on connections of Property (T) with
spectral gaps (due to Li and Ng) and with strong ergodicity of weakly mixing actions on a
particular von Neumann algebra (due to Connes and Weiss).
Joint work with Matthew Daws and Adam Skalski.
The talk will be self-contained: no prior knowledge of quantum groups or Property (T) for groups is required.
The talk is devoted to the Lebesgue constants of polyhedral partial sums of the Fourier series.
New upper and lower estimates of the Lebesgue constant in the case of anisotropic dilations of
general convex polyhedra will be presented. The obtained estimates generalize and give sharper
versions of the corresponding results of E.S. Belinsky (1977), A.A.Yudin and V.A. Yudin (1985),
J.M. Ash and L. De Carli (2009), and J.M. Ash (2010).
Milnor fibers of isolated hypersurface singularities carry the most important information on the singularity. We review the works by A'Campo and Gusein-Zade, who showed that, in the case of real plane curve singularities, one can use special deformations (so-called morsifications) in order to recover the topology of the Milnor fiber, intersection form in vanishing homology, monodromy operator and other invariants. We prove that any real plane curve singularity admits a morsification and discuss its relation to the Milnor fiber, which is still an open problem of the complex-analytic nature. Joint work with P. Leviant.
Euclidean lattice points counting problems, the primordial example of which is the Gauss circle problem, are an important topic in classical analysis. Their non-Euclidean analogs in irreducible symmetric spaces (such as hyperbolic spaces and the space of positive-definite symmetric matrices) are equally significant, and we will present an approach to establishing such results in considerable generality. Our method is based on dynamical arguments together with representation theory and non-commutative harmonic analysis, and produces the current best error estimate in the higher rank case. We will describe some of the remarkably diverse applications of lattice point counting problems, as time permits.
In this talk we discuss asymptotic relations between sharp constants of approximation theory
in a general setting. We first present a general model that includes a circle of problems of
finding sharp or asymptotically sharp constants in some areas of univariate and multivariate
approximation theory, such as inequalities for approximating elements, approximation of individual
elements, and approximation on classes of elements. Next we discuss sufficient conditions that
imply limit inequalities and equalities between various sharp constants. Finally, we present
applications of these results to sharp constants in Bernstein-V. A. Markov type inequalities of
different metrics for univariate and multivariate trigonometric and algebraic polynomials and
entire functions of exponential type.
I will discuss how large the Hausdorff dimension of a set $E\subset{\mathbb R}^d$ needs to be
to ensure that it contains vertices of an equilateral triangle. An argument due to Chan, Laba
and Pramanik (2013) implies that a Salem set of large Hausdorff dimension contains equilateral
triangles. We prove that, without assuming the set is Salem, this result still holds in dimensions
four and higher. In ${\mathbb R}^2$, there exists a set of Hausdorff dimension $2$ containing no
equilateral triangle (Maga, 2010).
I will also introduce some interesting parallels between the triangle problem in Euclidean space
and its counter-part in vector spaces over finite fields. It is a joint work with Alex Iosevich.
Tame dynamical systems were introduced by A. K\"{o}hler in 1995 and their theory was
developed during last decade in a series of works by several authors. Connections to
other areas of mathematics like: Banach spaces, model theory, tilings, cut and project
schemes were established. A metric dynamical $G$-system $X$ is tame if every element
$p \in E(X)$ of the enveloping semigroup $E(X)$ is a limit of a sequence of elements
from $G$. In a recent joint work with Eli Glasner we study the following general question:
which finite coloring $G \to \{0, \dots ,d\}$ of a discrete countable group $G$ defines a
tame minimal symbolic system $X \subset \{0, \dots ,d\}^G$. Any Sturmian bisequence
$\Z \to \{0,1\}$ on the integers is an important prototype.
As closely related directions we study cutting coding functions coming from circularly ordered
systems. As well as generalized Helly's sequential compactness type theorems about families
with bounded total variation. We show that circularly ordered dynamical systems are tame and
that several Sturmian like symbolic $G$-systems are circularly ordered.
Linear algebra over a field have been studied for centuries. In many branches of math one
faces matrices over a ring, these came e.g. as "matrices of functions" or "matrices depending
on parameters". Linear algebra over a (commutative, associative) ring is infinitely more
complicated. Yet, some particular questions can be solved.
I will speak about two problems: block-diagonalization (block-diagonal reduction) of matrices
and stability of matrices under perturbations by higher-order-terms.
Finitely additive measures on convex convex sets are called valuations. Valuations continuous in
the Hausdorff metric are of special interest and have been studied in convexity for a long time.
In this talk I will present a non-traditional method of constructing continuous valuations using
various Monge-Ampere (MA) operators, namely the classical complex MA operator and introduced by
the speaker quaternionic MA operators (if time permits, I will briefly discuss also octonionic case).
In several aspects analytic properties of the latter are very similar to the properties of the former,
but the geometric meaning is different. The construction of the quaternionic MA operator uses
non-commutative determinants.
By a crystalline measure in R^d one means a measure whose support and
spectrum are both discrete closed sets. I will survey the subject and
discuss recent results obtained jointly with Alexander Olevskii.
Differential inequalities and their connection to normality (and quasi normality) have been studied since Marty’s Theorem in 1935. We discuss when these inequalities imply some degree of normality, and present a new result, joint with S. Nevo and J. Grahl.
Following Marty's Theorem we present recent results about differential inequalities that imply (or not) some degree of normality. We deal with inequalities with reversed sign of inequality than that in Marty's Theorem, i.e. $|f^(k)(z)|> h(|f(z))$.
Following Marty's Theorem we present recent results about differential inequalities that imply (or not) some degree of normality. We deal with inequalities with reversed sign of inequality than that in Marty's Theorem, i.e. $|f^(k)(z)|> h(|f(z))$.
Earlier and recent one-dimensional estimates and asymptotic relations for the
cosine and sine Fourier transform of a function of bounded variation are refined
in such a way that become applicable for obtaining multidimensional asymptotic
relations for the Fourier transform of a function with bounded Hardy variation.
Selfadjoint extensions of a closed symmetric operator A in a Hilbert
space with equal deficiency indices were described by in the 30s by
J. von Neumann. Another approach, based on the notion of abstract boundary
triple originates to the works of J.W. Calkin and was developed by M.I. Visik,
G.Grubb, F.S.Rofe-Beketov, M.L.Gorbachuck, A.N.Kochubei and others.
By Calkin's approach all selfadjoint extensions of the symmetric operator A can
be parametrized via "multivalued" selfadjoint operators in an auxiliary Hilbert spaces.
Spectral properties of these extensions can be characterized in terms of the abstract
Weyl function, associated to the boundary triple. In the present talk some recent
developments in the theory of boundary triples will be presented. Applications to
boundary value problems for Laplacian operator in bounded domains with smooth and
rough boundaries will be discussed.
A Muskat problem describes an evolution of the interface $\Gamma (t)\subset{\mathbb R}^{2}$ between two immiscible fluids, occupying regions $\Omega _1$ and $\Omega _2$ in a Hele-Shaw cell. The interface evolves due to the presence of sinks and sources located in $\Omega _j$, $j=1,2$.
The case where one of the fluids is effectively inviscid, that is, it has a constant pressure, is called
one-phase problem. This case has been studied extensively. Much less progress has been made for the two-phase problem, the Muskat problem.
The main difficulty of the two-phase problem is the fact that the pressure on the interface, separating the fluids, is unknown. In this talk we introduce a notion of a two-phase mother body (the terminology comes from the potential theory) as a union of two distributions $\mu _j$ with integrable densities of sinks and sources, allowing to control the evolution of the interface, such that $\rm{supp}\, \mu _j \subset\Omega _j$. We use the Schwarz function approach and the introduced two-phase mother body to find the evolution of the curve $\Gamma (t)$ as well as two harmonic functions $p_j$, the pressures, defined almost everywhere in $\Omega_j$ and satisfied prescribed boundary conditions on $\Gamma (t)$.
A bounded set O in R^d is called spectral if the space L^2(O) admits an orthogonal basis consisting of
exponential functions. In 1974 Fuglede conjectured that spectral sets can be characterized geometrically
by their ability to tile the space by translations. Although since then spectral sets have been intensively
studied, the connection between spectrality and tiling is still unresolved in many aspects.
I will focus on cylindric sets and discuss a new result, joint with Nir Lev, on the spectrality of such sets.
Since also the tiling analogue of the result holds, it provides a further evidence of the strong connection
between these two properties.
In this talk we survey several recent results establishing a pointwise domination of Calder\'on-Zygmund
operators by sparse operators defined by
$${\mathcal A}_{\mathcal S}f(x)=\sum_{Q\in {\mathcal S}}\Big(\frac{1}{|Q|}\int_Qf\Big)\chi_{Q}(x),$$
where ${\mathcal S}$ is a sparse family of cubes from ${\mathbb R}^n$.
In particular, we present a simple proof of M. Lacey's theorem about Calder\'on-Zygmund operators
with Dini-continuous kernels in its quantitative form obtained by T. Hyt\"onen-L. Roncal-O. Tapiola.
Evans and Portilheiro introduced in 2004 the functional framework that allows to tackle
the problem of a forward-backward diffusion equation with a cubic-like diffusion function,
that is classically ill-posed. The key is to consider its ``entropy'' formulation
determined by considering the equation as the singular limit of a third-order
pseudo-parabolic equation. Obtaining numerical simulations is not easy, since
the ill-posedness related to the negativity of the diffusion coefficient induces
severe oscillations. However, we showed that, in 1D, the regularization offered by
the basic Euler in time-centered finite differences in space renders a fairly
good numerical solution, except for the fact that the entropy condition is
violated. We thus proposed an adapted entropic scheme in 1D. The finite volume framework
has since allowed us to prove new properties of the problem.
The theory of real Hardy spaces has been applied to the study of partial
differential equations in many different contexts. In the 1990's, one of main results
in this direction was the div-curl lemma of Coifman, Lions, Meyer and Semmes. We
discuss some variants of this lemma in the context of the local Hardy spaces of Goldberg,
and of weighted Hardy spaces. This is joint work with Der-Chen Chang and Hong Yue.
For the nondegenerate Beltrami equations in the quasidisks and, in particular, in smooth
Jordan domains, we prove the existence of regular solutions of the Riemann–Hilbert problem
with coefficients of bounded variation and boundary data that are measurable with respect
to the absolute harmonic measure (logarithmic capacity).
For a system of polynomials orthonormal with weight on a curve in the complex plane,
the problem of sharp estimates of these polynomials is of considerable importance.
We discuss known conditions and inequalities and present certain refinements of them.
For functions $f(x_{1},x_{2})=f_{0}\big(\max\{|x_{1}|,|x_{2}|\}\big)$ from
$L_{1}(\mathbb{R}^{2})$, sufficient and necessary conditions for the belonging of their Fourier transform
$\widehat{f}$ to $L_{1}(\mathbb{R}^{2})$ as well as of a function $t\cdot \sup\limits_{y_{1}^{2}+y_{2}^{2}\geq
t^{2}}\big|\widehat{f}(y_{1},y_{2})\big|$ to $L_{1}(\mathbb{R}^{1}_{+})$. As for the positivity of $\widehat{f}$ on
$\mathbb{R}^{2}$, it is completely reduced to the same question on $\mathbb{R}^{1}$ for a function
$f_{1}(x)=|x|f_{0}\big(|x|\big)+\int\limits_{|x|}^{\infty}f_{0}(t)dt$.
It is quite obvious that one should expect that the degree of constrained approximation
be worse than the degree of unconstrained approximation. However, it turns out that in certain cases
we can deduce the behavior of the degrees of the former from information about the latter.
Let $E_n(f)$ denote the degree of approximation of $f\in C[-1,1]$,
by algebraic polynomials of degree $<n$, and assume that we know
that for some $\alpha>0$ and $\Cal N\ge1$,
$$n^\alpha E_n(f)\leq1,\quad n\geq\Cal N.$$
Suppose that $f\in C[-1,1]$, changes its monotonicity or convexity $s\ge0$ times in $[-1,1]$ ($s=0$ means that $f$
is monotone or convex, respectively). We are interested in what may be said about its degree of
approximation by polynomials of degree $<n$ that are comonotone or coconvex with
$f$. Specifically, if $f$ changes its monotonicity or convexity at
$Y_s:=\{y_1,\dots,y_s\}$ ($Y_0=\emptyset$) and the degrees of comonotone and coconvex approximation
are denoted by $E^{(q)}_n(f,Y_s)$, $q=1,2$, respectively. We investigate when can one say that
$$n^\alpha E^{(q)}_n(f,Y_s)\le c(\alpha,s,\Cal N),\quad n\ge\Cal N^*,$$
for some $\Cal N^*$. Clearly, $\Cal N^*$, if it exists at all (we prove it
always does), depends on $\alpha$, $s$ and $\Cal N$. However, it turns
out that for certain values of $\alpha$, $s$ and $\Cal N$, $\Cal N^*$ depends also
on $Y_s$, and in some cases even on $f$ itself, and this dependence is essential.
Recent decades brought increasing interest in Finsler spaces $(M,F)$,
especially, in extrinsic geometry of their hypersurfaces.
Randers metrics (i.e., $F=\alpha+\beta$, $\alpha$ being the norm of a Riemannian structure
and $\beta$ a 1-form of $\alpha$-norm smaller than $1$ on~$M$),
appeared in Zermelo's control problem, are of special interest.
After a short survey of above, we will discuss
Integral formulae, which provide obstructions for existence of foliations
(or compact leaves of them) with given geometric properties.
The first known Integral formula (by G.\,Reeb) for codimension-1 foliated closed manifolds tells us that
the total mean curvature $H$ of the leaves is zero (thus, either $H\equiv0$ or $H(x)H(y)<0$ for some $x,y\in M$).
Using a unit normal to the leaves of a codimension-one foliated $(M,F)$,
we define a new Riemannian metric $g$ on $M$, which for Randers case depends nicely on $(\alpha,\beta)$.
For that $g$ we derive several geometric invariants of a foliation in terms of $F$;
then express them in terms of invariants of $\alpha$ and~$\beta$.
Using our results \cite{rw2} for Riemannian case, we present new Integral formulae
for codimension-one foliated $(M, F)$ and $(M, \alpha+\beta)$.
Some of them generalize Reeb's formula.
The study of aperiodic point sets in Euclidean space is a classical topic in harmonic analysis,
combinatorics and geometry. Aperiodic point sets in R^3 are models for quasi-crystals, and in
this context it is of interest to study their diffraction measure, i.e. the way they scatter an
incoming laser or x-ray beam. By a classical theorem of Meyer, every sufficiently regular
aperiodic point set in a Euclidean space is a shadow of a periodic one in a larger locally
compact abelian group. The diffraction of these "model sets" can be computed in terms of a
certain group of irrational rotations of an associated torus.
In this talk, I will review the classical theory of diffraction of Euclidean model sets and then
explain how the theory generalizes to model sets in arbitrary (non-abelian) locally compact groups.
We will explain the construction of new examples of different flavours, and how the classical
theory has to be modified in order to accomodate these new examples. We will focus on the case
of model sets in groups admitting a Gelfand pair, since for these the (spherical) diffraction
theory is particularly accessible.
No previous knowledge of model sets or diffraction theory is assumed.
This is based on joint work with Michael Bjorklund and Felix Pogorzelski.
We consider classes of mappings (with controlled moduli) whose $p$-module of the families of curves/surfaces is restricted by integrals containing measurable functions and arbitrary admissible metrics. In the talk we discuss various properties of mappings with controlled moduli including their differential features (Lusin's $N-$ and $N^{-1}$-conditions, Jacobian bounds, estimates for distortion dilatations, H\"older/logarithmically H\"older continuity) and the topological structure (openness, discreteness, invertibility, finiteness of the multiplicity function). This allows us to investigate the interconnection between mappings of bounded and finite distortion defined analytically and mapping with controlled moduli having no analytic assumptions.
Let $\Omega$ be an open 0-symmetric subset of $\mathbb R^d$ which contains 0 and
f a continuous positive definite function vanishing off O, that is,
supp f is contained in the closure of $\Omega$. The problem is to approximate
f by a continuous positive definite function F supported in $\Omega$. We prove
this when 1. d=1. 2 $\Omega$ is strictly star-shaped 3. f is a radial function.
We also consider the following problem: Given a measure $\mu$
supported in $\Omega$, does there exist an extremal function for the problem
$\sup \int f d\mu$, where the sup is taken over the cone of continuous
positive definite functions f supported in $\Omega$ with f(0)=1?
A function f on the real line is said to tile by translates
along a discrete set $\Lambda$ if the sum of all the functions
f(x-\lambda), $\lambda \in \Lambda$, is equal to one identically.
Which functions can tile by translates, and what can be said
about the translation set $\Lambda$? I will survey the subject and
discuss some recent results joint with Mihail Kolountzakis.
New relations between the Fourier transform of a function of bounded
variation and the Hilbert transform of its derivative are revealed.
The main result is an asymptotic formula for the {\bf cosine} Fourier
transform. Such relations have previously been known only for the sine
Fourier transform. Interrelations of various function spaces are studied
in this context, first of all of two types of Hardy spaces. The obtained
results are used for proving completely new results on the integrability
of trigonometric series.
Consider a polynomial map $f: C^n\to C^n$, vanishing at some point $z_0$ in $C^n$. In differential equations, such points are called
equilibria of the vector field $z' = f(z)$, or their singular points. The question is "how singular". Can we quantify the singularity of $f$ at $z_0$?
Attempting only to demystify the problem, in this presentation we make an effort to quantify singularity in the sense of differential equations
and also discuss connections of this theory to analysis, topology and commutative algebra.
It is now more than 52 years since Studia Mathematica received Alberto
Calder\'on's very remarkable paper about his theory of complex
interpolation spaces. And one of the questions which Calder\'on
implicitly asked in that paper, by solving it in a significant special
case, is apparently still open today:
DOES COMPLEX INTERPOLATION PRESERVE THE COMPACTNESS OF AN OPERATOR?
After briefly surveying attempts to solve this question over several
decades, I will also report on a few new partial answers obtained
recently, some of them (arXiv:1411.0171) jointly with Richard
Rochberg. Among other things there is an interplay with Jaak Peetre's
"plus-minus" interpolation method, (arXiv:1502.00986) a method which
probably deserves to be better known. Banach lattices and UMD spaces
also have some roles to play.
Several distinguished mathematicians have expressed the belief that
that the general answer to this question will ultimately turn out to be
negative. Among other things, I will try to hint at where a counterexample
might perhaps be hiding. You are all warmly invited to seek it out,
or prove that it does not exist.
A fairly recent survey which discusses this question is available at
arXiv:1410.4527.
We present a new construction of Hardy spaces on the Klein-Dirac
quadric; we show that the quadric is obtained as a complexification of the
unit ball in R^n. We introduce also Hardy spaces on complexified
multidimensional annulus.
We show some natural properties of these Hardy spaces, in particular,
Cauchy type formula, and Brothers Riesz type theorem.
We prove applications to the multidimensional Moment problem,
multidimensional Interpolation theory, and Cubature formulas.
We provide restricted negative answers to the Royden-Sullivan problem
whether any Teichm\"{u}ller space of dimension greater than $1$
is biholomorphically equivalent to bounded domain in a complex Banach
space. The only known result here is Tukia's theorem of 1977 that there is
a real analytic homeomorphism of the universal Teichm\"{u}ller
space onto a convex domain in some Banach space.
We prove:
(a) Any Teichm\"{u}ller space $\mathbf T(0,n)$ of the punctured spheres
(the surfaces of genus zero) with sufficiently large number of punctures
$(n \ge n_0 > 4)$ cannot be mapped biholomorphically onto a bounded
convex domain in $\mathbf C^{n-3}$.
(b) The universal Teichm\"{u}ller space is not biholomorphically equivalent
to a bounded convex domain in uniformly convex Banach space, in
particular, to convex domain in the Hilbert space.
The proofs involve the existence of conformally rigid domains established
by Thurston and some interpolation results for bounded univalent functions.
The class of fractals referred to are those which may be specified by a finite system of affine transformations,
assuming contractive scaling; and their corresponding selfsimilar measures, $\mu$. They include standard Cantor
spaces such as the middle third, and the planar Sierpinski caskets in various forms, and their corresponding
selfsimilar measures, but the class is more general than this; including fractals realized in $\mathbb R^d$, for
$d > 2$.
In part 1, we motivate the need for wavelets in the harmonic analysis of these selfsimilar measures $\mu$. While
classes of the Hilbert spaces $L^2(\mu)$ have Fourier bases, it is known (the speaker and Pedersen) that many do
not, for example the middle third Cantor can have no more than two orthogonal Fourier frequencies.
In part 2 of the talk, we outline a construction by the speaker and Dutkay to the effect that all the affine systems
do have wavelet bases; this entails what we call thin Cantor spaces.
In the problem of summability at a point at which the derivative of indefinite
integral exists for Fourier series and Fourier integrals of integrable functions
a new sufficient condition is obtained. In the case of "arithmetic means" the
corresponding condition is also necessary.
Exact rates of approximation by the classical Gauss-Weierstrass, Bochner-Riesz,
and Marcinkiewicz-Riesz means, as well as by non-classical Bernstein-Stechkin means
are found.
These problems are related to the representability of a function as an absolutely
convergent Fourier integral. For this, new conditions are obtained, while for radial functions
even a criterion.
For each positive integer $m$ and each $p>2$ we characterize bounded simply connected
Sobolev $W^m_p$-extension domains $\Omega$ in $R^2$. Our criterion is expressed in terms of
certain intrinsic subhyperbolic metrics in $\Omega$. Its proof is based on a series of results related
to the existence of special chains of squares joining given points $x$ and $y$ in $\Omega$.
An important geometrical ingredient for obtaining these results is a new ''Square Separation Theorem''.
It states that under certain natural assumptions on the relative positions of a point $x$ and a square
$S\subset\Omega$ there exists a similar square $Q\subset\Omega$ which touches $S$ and has
the property that $x$ and $S$ belong to distinct connected components of $\Omega\setminus Q$.
This is a joint work with Nahum Zobin.
The triply truncated solutions of the first Painlev\'e equation were specified by Boutroux
in his famous paper of 1913 as those having no poles (of large modulus) except in one sector
of angle $2\pi/5$. There are five such solutions and each of them can be obtained from any
other one by applying a certain symmetry transformation. One of these solutions is real on
the real axis. We will discuss a characteristic property of this solution (discovered by Prof.
Joshi, and Prof. Kitaev), different from the asymptotic description given by Boutroux.
For $\lambda\in (0,1)$, the Bernoulli convolution measure $\nu_\lambda$ may be defined as the distribution
of the random series $\sum_{n=0}^\infty \pm \lambda^n$, where the signs are chosen independently with equal
probabilities. For $\lambda =1/3$, this is the familiar Cantor-Lebesgue measure (up to a linear change of variable).
The Fourier transform of $\nu_\lambda$ has an infinite product formula:
$$\widehat{\nu}_\lambda(t) = \prod_{n=0}^\infty \cos(2\pi \lam^n t).$$
The properties of $\nu_\lambda$ and their Fourier transforms have been studied since the 1930's by many mathematicians,
among them Jessen, Wintner, Erd\H{o}s, Salem, Kahane, Garcia. In particular, it was proved by Erd\H{o}s and Salem that
$\widehat{\nu}_\lambda(t)$ does not vanish at infinity (i.e. $\nu_\lambda$ is not a Rajchman measure) if and only if
$1/\lambda$ is a Pisot number (an algebraic integer greater than one with all conjugates inside the unit circle).
However, very little is known about the rate of decay, especially for specific $\lambda$, as opposed to "typical" ones.
In this talk I will survey known results and open problems in this direction. Recently in a joint work with A. Bufetov
we proved that if $1/\lam$ is an algebraic integer with at least one conjugate outside of the unit circle, then the
Fourier transform of $\nu_\lam$ has at least a logarithmic decay rate at infinity.
This is a joint work with Walter Bergweiler.
We construct differential equations of the form w"+Aw=0, where $A$
is an entire function of finite order, with the property that two
linearly independent solutions have finite exponent of convergence
of zeros. This solves a problem proposed by Bank and Laine in 1982.
In recent years the study of quaternionic linear spaces has been widely developed
by mathematicians and has been widely used by physicists. At the same
time it turns out that some basic and fundamental properties of those spaces
are not treated properly and this requires to develop the corresponding theory.
In this talk we will analyze certain peculiarities of the situation via the notion
of quaternionic extension of real and complex linear spaces as well as using the
notion of internal quaternionization. We will see, for example, how the norms of
some operators behave when they are “quaternionically extended”.
Hecke, Ostrowski and Kesten characterized the intervals on the circle
for which the ergodic sums of their indicator function, under an
irrational rotation, stay at a bounded distance from their integral
with respect to the Lebesgue measure on the circle.
In this talk I will discuss this phenomenon in multi-dimensional setting.
Based on joint work with Sigrid Grepstad.
Topological methods based on the usage of degree theory have proved
themselves to be an important tool for qualitative studying of solutions to
nonlinear differential systems (including such problems as existence,
uniqueness, multiplicity, bifurcation, etc.).
During the last twenty years the equivariant degree theory emerged in Non-
linear Analysis. In short, the equivariant degree is a topological tool
allowing “counting” orbits of solutions to symmetric equations in the same
way as the usual Brouwer degree does, but according to their symmetry
properties. This method is an alternative and/or complement to the
equivariant singularity theory developed by M. Golubitsky et al., as well as
to a variety of methods rooted in Morse theory/Lusternik–Schnirelman theory.
In fact, the equivariant degree has different faces reflecting a diversity of
symmetric equations related to applications. In the two talks, I will discuss
three variants of the equivariant degree: (i) non-parameter equivariant
degree, (ii) twisted equivariant degree with one parameter, and (iii)
gradient equivariant degree. Each of the three variants of equivariant degree
will be illustrated by appropriate examples of applications: (i) boundary
value problems for vector symmetric pendulum equation, (ii) Hopf bifurcation
in symmetric neural networks (simulation of legged locomotion), and (iii)
bifurcation of relative equilibria in Lennard-Jones three-body problem.
The talk is addressed to a general audience, without any special knowledge
of the subject.
In the talk, which is joint work with Alexander Olevskii, I will present our study of the
relationship between the existence of arithmetic progressions with specified lengths and
step sizes and lower Riesz bounds of complex exponentials indexed by a set of integers
$\Lambda$ on subsets of the circle.
The following problems (or a part of them) will be discussed.
1. Generalization of the Abel-Poisson summation method.
2. Generalization of the Riemann-Lebesgue lemma.
3. Strengthening of the Hardy-McGehee-Pigno-Smith inequality.
4. Generalization of the Euler-Maclaurin formula.
5. Absolute convergence of grouped Fourier series.
6. Comparison of linear differential operators with constant coefficients.
7. Positive definite functions and splines.
8. Strong converse theorems in approximation theory. Bernstein-Stechkin polynomials.
We study the influence the angular distribution of zeroes of the Taylor
series with pseudo-random and random coefficients, and show that the
distribution of zeroes is governed by certain autocorrelations of the
coefficients. Using this guiding principle, we consider several examples
of random and pseudo-random sequences $\xi$ and, in particular, answer
some questions posed by Chen and Littlewood in 1967.
As a by-product we show that if $\xi$ is a stationary random
integer-valued sequence, then either it is periodic, or its spectral
measure has no gaps in its support. The same conclusion is true if $\xi$
is a complex-valued stationary ergodic sequence that takes values from a
uniformly discrete set (joint work with Alexander Borichev and Alon Nishry).
We study the influence the angular distribution of zeroes of the Taylor
series with pseudo-random and random coefficients, and show that the
distribution of zeroes is governed by certain autocorrelations of the
coefficients. Using this guiding principle, we consider several examples
of random and pseudo-random sequences $\xi$ and, in particular, answer
some questions posed by Chen and Littlewood in 1967.
As a by-product we show that if $\xi$ is a stationary random
integer-valued sequence, then either it is periodic, or its spectral
measure has no gaps in its support. The same conclusion is true if $\xi$
is a complex-valued stationary ergodic sequence that takes values from a
uniformly discrete set (joint work with Alexander Borichev and Alon Nishry).
Nodal sets are zero loci of Laplace eigenfunctions (e.f.). Study of nodal sets is important
for understanding wave processes. The geometry of a single nodal set may be very complicated
and hardly can be well understood. More realistic might be describing geometry of sets which
are nodal for a large family of e.f. (the condition of simultaneous vanishing, resonanse, of
a large packet of e.f., on a large set, is overdetermined and hence may be expected to occur
only for exclusive sets).
Indeed, it was proved that common nodal curves for large, in different senses, families
of e.f. in $\mathbb R^2$ are straight lines (non-periodic case: Quinto and the speaker, ’96; periodic
case: Bourgain and Rudnick, ’11). It was conjectured that in a Euclidean space of
arbitrary dimension, common nodal hypersurfaces for large families of e.f. are cones, more precisely,
are translates of zero sets of harmonic homogeneous polynomials.
The talk will be devoted to a recent result confirming the conjecture for ruled hypersurfaces
in $\mathbb R^3$. Relation to the injectivity problem for the spherical Radon transform will be explained.
The talk is will be devoted to two questions in the theory of quasianalytic
Carleman classes. The first one is how to describe the image of a quasianalytic
Carleman class under Borel's map $f\to\{f^{(n)}(0)/n!\}_{n\geq 0}$ ?
The second one is how to sum the formal Taylor series of functions in quasianalytic Carleman classes? In the talk, I will present a method of Beurling that gives a solution to both of the problems for some quasianalytic Carleman classes. If time permits, I will also discuss the image problem in some non-quasianalytic classes.
We will begin by introducing the notion of hypergroup, give some examples,
and describe the convolution of measures on a hypergroup. After a review of
some basic operator space theory, we shall describe how to extend the notion
of convolution to the space of completely bounded multilinear forms on a cartesian
product of spaces of continuous functions on hypergroups, thus making that space
into a Banach algebra. When the hypergroups are commutative, we introduce and study
a notion of Fourier transform in this setting.
The talk is devoted to applications of the limit operators to the study of
essential spectra and exponential decay of eigenfunctions of the discrete
spectra for Schr\"{o}dinger and Dirac operators for wide classes of
potentials. Outline of the talk:
1) Fredholm property and location of the essential spectrum of systems of
partial differential operators with variable bounded coefficients;
2) Exponential estimates of solutions of systems of partial differential
operators with variable bounded coefficients;
3) Location of the essential spectrum of Schr\"{o}dinger and Dirac operators
and exponential estimates of eigenfunctions of the discrete spectrum.
Two types of optimal estimates for derivatives of analytic functions
with bounded real part are considered. The first of them is a pointwise
inequality for derivatives of analytic functions in the complement
of a convex closed domain in ${\mathbb C}$. The second type of inequalities
is a limit relation for derivatives of analytic functions in an arbitrary proper
subdomain of ${\mathbb C}$. Optimal estimates for derivatives of a vector
field with bounded harmonic components as well as optimal estimates for the
divergence of an elastic displacement field and pressure in a fluid in
subdomains of ${\mathbb R}^n$ are discussed.
Let $D$ be a domain of $\R^d$; we say that $L^2(D)$ has an exponential basis if there exists
sequence of functions ${\mathcal B}=\{ e^{2\pi i \langle s_m x\rangle}\}_{ m \in Z^d}$,
with $s_m\in\R^d$, with the following property: every function in $L^2(D)$ can be written in
a unique way as $\sum_{m\in\Z^d} c_m e^{ 2\pi i \langle s_m, x\rangle} $, with $c_m \in \C$.
For example, $\{ e^{2\pi i mx}\} _{m \in Z}$ is an exponential basis of $L^2(0, 1 )$.
Exponential bases are very useful in the application, especially when they are orthogonal; however,
the existence or non-existence of exponential bases is proved only on very special domains of $\R^d$.
In particular, it is not known whether the unit ball in $\R^2$ has an exponential basis or not.
An important property of exponential bases is their stability. That is, if $\{ e^{2\pi i \langle s_m,
x\rangle}\}_{ m \in Z^d}$ is an exponential basis of $L^2(D)$ and $\Delta=\{\delta_m\}_{ m \in Z^d} $ is
a sequence of sufficiently small real number, then also $\{ e^{2\pi i \langle s_m+\delta_m,
x\rangle}\}_{ m \in Z^d}$ is an exponential basis of $L^2(D)$. In this talk I will discuss the existence
and stability of exponential bases on special 2-dimensional domains called trapezoids.
I will also generalize a celebrate theorem by M. Kadec and obtain stability bounds for exponential bases on domains of $\R^d$.
The result that I will present in my talk are part of joint projects with my students A. Kumar and S. Pathak.
END_OF_ABSTRACT
If a function and its conjugate (in a special sense) both have
bounded variation, then their Fourier transforms are integrable.
This recent extension of a classical (for Fourier series) Hardy-
Littlewood theorem gives rise to new thoughts and results.
The aim of this talk is to present a simple two-sided estimate for the
operator norm of a finite Hankel matrix in terms of its standard
symbol. We will also discuss several reformulations and consequences
of this estimate, including the classical Fefferman's duality theorem
for the Hardy space $H^1$.
The aim of this talk is to present a simple two-sided estimate for the
operator norm of a finite Hankel matrix in terms of its standard
symbol. We will also discuss several reformulations and consequences
of this estimate, including the classical Fefferman's duality theorem
for the Hardy space $H^1$.
We consider the wave flow on a surface of constant negative curvature.
For short times, the propagation is approximated by the geodesic flow, with
errors controlled by the “semiclassical expansion” coming from geometric optics.
In negative curvature, this expansion is useful up the Ehrenfest time $|\log{\hbar}|$,
after which the error terms in the expansion become as large as the main term. It is
believed that the approximation of wave propagation by the geodesic flow should hold
for much larger times, perhaps all the way up to the Heisenberg time $1/\hbar$. However,
we show that this cannot hold in general, and exhibit explicit examples where the semiclassical
approximation breaks down at a constant multiple of Ehrenfest time. These examples come from
Eisenstein series on the modular surface, and are intimately tied to the arithmetic structure,
and highly non-generic. We will also discuss these non-generic features of the arithmetic setting,
and whether this breakdown at the Ehrenfest time is likely to be a more generic phenomenon or not.
Includes joint work with Roman Schubert.
The aim of this work is to establish a number of elementary
properties about the topology and algebra of real quadratic homogeneous
mapping and Ricatti type ODEs occurring in non-associative algebras.
We construct a series of examples of the quadratic vector field to
show the impact of their spectral properties into qualitative theory.
We present sharp Ul’yanov type inequalities for fractional moduli of smoothness and K-functionals for the values of the parameters: 0<p<1, p<q. We also provide a generalization of Kolyada's inequality and relations between fractional moduli of smoothness of a function and its derivatives in the spaces L_p, 0<p<1.
We present new sufficient conditions for Fourier multipliers. These conditions are given in terms of simultaneous
behavior of (quasi-)norms of a function in different Lebesgue and Besov spaces. We also provide some sufficient
conditions for the representation of a function as an absolute convergence Fourier integrals in terms of belonging
of a function simultaneously to several spaces of smooth functions.
We discuss sharp continuity and regularity results for solutions of the
polyharmonic equation in an arbitrary open set. The absence of
information about geometry of the domain puts the question of
regularity properties beyond the scope of applicability of the methods
devised previously, which typically rely on specific geometric assumptions.
Positive results have been available only when the domain is
sufficiently smooth, Lipschitz or diffeomorphic to a polyhedron.
The techniques developed recently allow to establish the
boundedness of derivatives of solutions to the Dirichlet problem for the
polyharmonic equation under no restrictions on the underlying domain
and to show that the order of the derivatives is maximal. An appropriate
notion of polyharmonic capacity is introduced which
allows one to describe the precise correlation between the smoothness of
solutions and the geometry of the domain.
We also study the 3D Lam\'e system and establish its weighted
positive definiteness for a certain range of elastic constants. By modifying
the general theory developed by Maz'ya (Duke, 2002), we then show, under the
assumption of weighted positive definiteness, that the divergence
of the classical Wiener integral for a boundary point guarantees the
continuity of solutions to the Lam\'e system at this point.
The talk is based on my joint work with S.Mayboroda (Minnesota) and Guo Luo (Caltech)
First-order systems of partial differential equations appear
in many areas of physics, from the Maxwell equations to the Dirac
operator.
The aim of the talk is to describe a general method for the study of
the spectral density of all such systems, connecting it to traces on the
(geometric-optical) "slowness surfaces" .
The Holder continuity of the spectral density leads to a derivation of
the limiting absorption principle and global spacetime estimates
(based on joint work with Tomio Umeda).
The beautiful and extensive Coifman-Meyer theory, developed in the 70s and 80s to study
singular multi-linear operators does not apply to many naturally arising operators with
positive kernels. We shall describe some elementary approaches to such operators and apply
them to some problems in geometric measure theory and classical harmonic analysis.
H. H. Bauschke and J. M. Borwein showed that in the space of all tuples of bounded,
closed and convex subsets of a Hilbert space with a nonempty intersection, a typical
tuple has the bounded linear regularity property. This property is important because
it leads to the convergence of infinite products of the corresponding nearest point
projections to a point in the intersection.
We show that the subset of all tuples possessing the bounded linear
regularity property has a porous complement. Moreover, our result is
established in all normed spaces and for tuples of closed and convex sets
which are not necessarily bounded. This is joint work with A. J. Zaslavski.
We derive an extension of the standard time-dependent WKB theory, which can be applied
to propagate coherent states and other strongly localized states for long times. It in
particular allows us to give a uniform description of the transformation from a localized
coherent state into a delocalized Lagrangian state, which takes place at the Ehrenfest time.
The main new ingredient is a metaplectic operator that is used to modify the initial state
in a way that the standard time-dependent WKB theory can then be applied for the propagation.
This is based on joint work with Raul Vallejos and Fabricio Toscano, but in this talk we will
focus on the special case of propagation on a manifold of negative curvature.
~We consider the generic discrete open mappings in ${\mathbb R}^n$ under which the perturbation of extremal lengths of curve collections is controlled integrally via $\int Q(x)\eta^p(|x-x_0|)
dm(x)$ with $n-1<p<n$, where $Q$ is a measurable function on ${\mathbb R}^n$ and $\int\limits_{r_1}^{r_2} \eta(r) dr \ge 1$ for any $\eta$ on a given interval $[r_1,r_2].$ The main results state that the family of all open discrete mappings of above type is normal under appropriate restrictions on the majorant $Q.$
We also provide conditions ensuring the local H\"older continuity
of such mappings with respect to euclidian distances (in the general case with respect to their
logarithms). The inequalities defining the continuity are sharp with respect to
the order.
This is a joint work with R. Salimov and E. Sevost'yanov.
It is well known that the geometric nature of semigroup trajectories essentially depends on the semigroup type.
In this work, we concentrate on parabolic type semigroups of holomorphic self-mappings of the open unit disk and of the right
half-plane, and study the structure of semigroup trajectories near the Denjoy--Wolff point. In particular, we find the limit
order of contact and the limit curvature of trajectories and their `closeness’, determine whether these trajectories have
asymptotes. For these purposes, we suggest that two terms in the asymptotic power expansion of semigroup generators are known.
Our methods are based on the asymptotic expansion of a semigroup that we find on the first step. Inter alia, this enable us
to establish a new rigidity property for semigroups of parabolic type.
The talk is based on a joint work with F. Jacobzon.
A generalization of Newton's attraction theorem will be discussed.
The same analytic method is applied for reconstruction in photoacoustic geometry.
We extend Caratheodory's generalization of Montel's fundamental normality test
to "wandering" exceptional functions (i.e. depending on the respective function in the
family under consideration), and we give a corresponding result on shared functions.
Furthermore, we prove that if we have a family of pairs (a,b) of functions meromorphic
in a domain such that a and b uniformly "stay away from each other " , then the families
of the functions a resp. b are normal. The proofs are based on a "simultaneous rescaling"
version of Zalcman's Lemma. We also introduce a somewhat "strange" result about some
sharing wandering values assumptions that imply normality.
Let $X$ be Banach space, $(\Omega,\Sigma)$ is a measure space, where $\Omega$
is a set and $\Sigma$ is a $\sigma$-algebra of subsets of $\Omega.$ If $m:\Sigma\rightarrow X$ is
a $\sigma$-additive $X$-valued measure, then the range of $m$ is the set $m(\Sigma)=\{m(A):
\ A\in\Sigma.\}$ The measure $m$ is {\it non-atomic} if for every set $A\in\Sigma$ with $m(A)>0,$
there exist $B\subset A,B\in\Sigma$ such that $m(B)\neq0$ and $m(A \backslash B)\neq0.$
$X$-valued measure we will call {\it Lyapunov measure} if the closure of its range is convex.
And Banach space $X$ is {\it Lyapunov space} if every $X$-valued non-atomic measure is Lyapunov.
Theorem. Let X be Banach space with unconditional basis, q-concave, $q<\infty$, and which doesn't contain isomorphic copy of $l_2.$
Then X is Lyapunov space.
I will present a quantum ergodicity theorem on large regular graphs.
This is a result of spatial equidistribution of most eigenfunctions of the discrete Laplacian
in the limit of large regular graphs. It is analogous to the quantum ergodicity theorem on
Riemannian manifolds, which is concerned with the eigenfunctions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator
in the high frequency limit. I will also talk about pseudo-differential calculus on regular graphs,
one of the tools constructed for the proof of the theorem.
This is a joint work with Nalini Anantharaman.
This presentation is devoted to the problem of
recovering a function from its spherical means with
centers located on an ellipsoid $\Sigma$ in the two- and
three-dimensional spaces. We will show how to
generalize methods for obtaining inverse
formulas for the case when $\Sigma$ is a sphere to the
case when $\Sigma$ is an ellipsoid.
This presentation is devoted to the problem of
recovering a function from its spherical means with
centers located on an ellipsoid $\Sigma$ in the two- and
three-dimensional spaces. We will show how to
generalize methods for obtaining inverse
formulas for the case when $\Sigma$ is a sphere to the
case when $\Sigma$ is an ellipsoid.
We discuss sharp continuity and regularity results for solutions of the
polyharmonic equation in an arbitrary open set. The absence of
information about geometry of the domain puts the question of
regularity properties beyond the scope of applicability of the methods
devised previously, which typically rely on specific geometric assumptions.
Positive results have been available only when the domain is
sufficiently smooth, Lipschitz or diffeomorphic to a polyhedron.
The techniques developed recently allow to establish the
boundedness of derivatives of solutions to the Dirichlet problem for the
polyharmonic equation under no restrictions on the underlying domain
and to show that the order of the derivatives is maximal. An appropriate
notion of polyharmonic capacity is introduced which
allows one to describe the precise correlation between the smoothness of
solutions and the geometry of the domain.
We also study the 3D Lam\'e system and establish its weighted
positive definiteness for a certain range of elastic constants. By modifying
the general theory developed by Maz'ya (Duke, 2002), we then show, under the
assumption of weighted positive definiteness, that the divergence
of the classical Wiener integral for a boundary point guarantees the
continuity of solutions to the Lam\'e system at this point.
The talk is based on my joint work with
S.Mayboroda (Minnesota) and Guo Luo (Caltech)
In this talk we will introduce a definition of Generalized Analytic Functions
(in the sense of Vekua), in elliptic complex numbers. One advantage of this definition
is that its Canonical Form is more general than Vekua's and in many cases the reduction
from the elliptic and linear partial differential equation of first order can be done
without solving an associated Beltrami equation. Finally, using techniques of Vekua we
will show that these functions satisfy a representation formula that generalizes the
Similarity Principle in the ordinary case.
We introduce a notion of r-convexity for subsets of the complex
plane. It is a pure geometric characteristic that generalizes the
usual notion of convexity. Next, we investigate subharmonic
functions that grow near the boundary in unbounded domains with
r-convex compact complement. We obtain the Blaschke-type bounds
for its Riesz measure and, in particular, for zeros of unbounded
analytic functions in unbounded domains. These results are based
on a certain estimates for Green functions on complements of some
neighborhoods of $r$-convex compact set. Also, we apply our
results in perturbation theory of linear operators in a Hilbert
space. More precisely, we find quantitative estimates for the rate
of condensation of the discrete spectrum of a perturbed operator
near its the essential spectrum.
Let S be a bounded, Riemann measurable set in R^d, and L
be a lattice. By a theorem of Fuglede, if S tiles R^d with
translation set L, then S has an orthogonal basis of exponentials.
We show that, under the more general condition that S multi-tiles
R^d with translation set L, S has a Riesz basis of exponentials. The
proof is based on Meyer's quasicrystals. This is a joint work with
Nir Lev.
A classical theorem due to Mattila says that if $A,B
\subset {\Bbb R}^d$ of Hausdorff dimension $s_A, s_B$, respectively,
with $s_A+s_B \ge d$, $s_B>\frac{d+1}{2}$ and $dim_{{\mathcal H}}(A
\times B)=s_A+s_B\ge d$, then
$$ dim_{{\mathcal H}}(A \cap (z+B)) \leq s_A+s_B-d$$ for almost every
$z \in {\Bbb R}^d$, in the sense of Lebesgue measure.
We obtain a variable coefficient variant of this result in which we
are able to replace the Hausdorff dimension with the upper Minkowski
dimension on the left-hand-side of the first inequality. This is
joint work with Alex Iosevich and Suresh Eswarathasan. Fourier
Integral Operator bounds and other techniques of harmonic analysis
play a crucial role in our investigation.
Recently S. Artstein-Avidan and V. Milman have developed an
abstract duality theory and proved the following remarkable
result: up to linear terms, the only fully order preserving
operator (namely, an invertible operator whose inverse also
preserves the pointwise order between functions) acting
on the class of lower semicontinuous proper convex functions
defined on R^n is the identity operator, and the only fully
order reversing operator acting on the same set is the
Fenchel conjugation (Legendre transform). We establish
a suitable extension of their result to infinite dimensional
Banach spaces.
This is a joint work with Alfredo N. Iusem and Benar F. Svaiter
The $A_2$ conjecture says that the $L^2(w)$ operator norm
of any Calder\'on-Zygmund operator is bounded linearly by the $A_2$
constant of the weight $w$.
This conjecture was completely solved in 2010 by T. Hyt\"onen.
The proof was based on a rather difficult representation of a general
Calder\'on-Zygmund operator in terms of the Haar shift operators.
In this talk we shall discuss a recent simpler proof completely
avoiding the notion of the Haar shift operator.
We consider an extremal configuration of points on a manifold, called Fekete points,
and study their equidistribution through their relation to Beurling-Landau theory
of sampling and interpolation (joint work with Joaquim Ortega-Cerda).
A classification of commuting rational functions, that is of rational
solutions of the functional equation A(X)=X(A), was obtained in the beginning of
the past century by Fatou, Julia, and Ritt. In the talk we will present a solution
of a more general problem of description of semiconjugate rational functions, that
is of rational solutions of the functional equation A(X)=X(B) in terms of groups
acting properly discontinuously on the Riemann sphere or complex plane.
I plan to discuss a recent
progress in Eckhoff Conjecture obtained via "Algebraic Sampling" approach, and a general
bound on sampling accuracy provided by a combination of Kolmogorov's entropy and
Johnson-Lindenstrauss dimensionality reduction. This is a joint work with D. Batenkov.
The Nitsche conjecture was solved recently by Iwaniec, Kovalov and Onninen and in the same
paper they pose the same problem from Teichmuller domain onto Teiuchmuller
domain. We present a solution to this problem.
We will discuss the case of surfaces of constant negative curvature; in particular,
we will explain how to construct examples of sufficiently weak quasimodes that do not
satisfy QUE, and show how they fit into the larger theory.
In this talk I will discuss some recent results obtained in
collaboration with G. Leoni on new characterizations of Sobolev spaces for
arbitrary open sets. The motivation for such a characterization stems from a
2001 paper of Bourgain, Brezis, and Mironescu that gives a related one for
smooth and bounded domains, and an open question on the extension of these
results to arbitrary open sets.
In 1996, Talagrand established a lower bound on the second-level Fourier
coefficients of a monotone Boolean function, in terms of its first-level coefficients.
This lower bound and its enhancements were used in various applications to
correlation inequalities, noise sensitivity, geometry, percolation, etc.
In this talk we present a new proof of Talagrand's inequality, which is somewhat
simpler than the original proof, and allows to generalize the result easily to
non-monotone functions (with influences replacing the first-level coefficients) and
to more general measures on the discrete cube. We then apply our proof to obtain
a quantitative version of a theorem of Benjamini-Kalai-Schramm on the relation
between influences and noise sensitivity.
Time permitting, we shall present recent results and open questions, related
to an application of Talagrand's lower bound to correlation inequalities.
The first part of the talk is joint work with Guy Kindler.
The talk consists of two parts.
1) Fourier multipliers and absolute convergence of Fourier integrals.
Based on the paper by Liflyand-Samko-Trigub "The Winer
algebra of absolutely convergent Fourier integrals: an overview",
Analysis and Math. Physics 2(2012), 1-68.
2) Comparison of linear differential operators with constant coefficients
by their norms in $L_p,$ $1\le p\le \infty$. In particular, three criteria
of comparison are obtained for functions on the circle, on the axis, and on
the half-axis, as well as one sharp inequality.
In the talk we first review the highly anisotropic Hardy spaces]. We then discuss a careful approximation
argument that is needed when analyzing dual spaces of Hardy spaces. One cannot assume that a linear
functional, uniformly bounded on all atoms, is automatically bounded
on spaces that have atomic representations (e.g. Hardy spaces).
We characterize the radial basis functions whose
scattered shifts form a fundamental system in
the space $L_{p}(\rrd)$. In particular, we show that for any even function $h$ from the space
$L_{2,{\rm loc}}(\rrd)$
the space formed by all possible linear combinations of
shifted radial basis functions $h(\|x+a\|)$, $a\in \rrd$, is dense in the
space $L_p(\rrd)$, $1\le p\le 2$, if
and only if the function $h$ is not a polynomial.
The classical Teichm\"uller-Wittich-Belinskii theorem implies
the conformality of a planar continuous mapping at a point under rather
general integral restrictions for the dilatation of this mapping
near the point.
This theorem is very rich in applications and has been generalized
by many authors in various directions (weak conformality, differentiability,
multidimensional analogs, etc.).
Certain complete generalizations are due to Reshetnyak and Bishop, Gutlyanskii, Martio, Vuorinen.
I will show in the talk that the assumptions under which the main results have been obtained,
can be essentially weakened and give much stronger estimate
for the limit of $|f(x)|/|x|$ as $x$ approaches $0$.
We essentially improve the underlying modular technique.
We study to which extent the Poisson summation formula determines the Fourier transform. The answer is positive under certain technical smoothness and rate of decay conditions. This study leads to a class of unitary operators on L^2 that satisfy a weighted form of the Poisson summation formula, which we explicitly diagonalize, with eigenvalues related to associated L-functions.
The Euler-Gauss linear transformation formula for the
hypergeometric function was extended by Goursat for the case of
logarithmic singularities. By replacing the perturbed Bessel
differential equation by a monodromic functional equation, and
studying this equation separately from the differential equation by
an appropriate Laplace-Borel technique, we associate with the latter
equation another monodromic relation in the dual complex plane. This
enables us to prove a duality theorem and to extend Goursat's
formula to much larger classes of functions.
Let $(M^{n+p},g)$ be a closed Riemannian manifold, and $\pi: M\to B$
a smooth fiber bundle with compact and orientable $p$-dimensional
fiber $F$. Denote by $D_F$ ($D$) the distribution tangent
(orthogonal, resp.) to fibers.
We discuss conformal flows of the metric restricted to $D$ with the
speed proportional to
(i) the divergence of the mean curvature vector $H$ of $D$,
(ii) the mixed scalar curvature $Sc_{mix}$ of the distributions.
(If $M$ is a surface, then $Sc_{mix}$ is the gaussian curvature $K$).
For (i), we show that the flow is equivalent to the heat flow of the
1-form dual to $H$, provided the initial 1-form is $D_F$-closed. We
use known long-time existence results for the heat flow to show that
our flow has a global solution $g_t$. It converges to a limiting
metric, for which $D$ is harmonic (i.e., $H=0$); actually under some
topological assumptions we can prescribe $H$.
For (ii) on a twisted product, we observe that $H$ satisfies the
Burgers type PDE, while the warping function satisfies the heat
equation; in this case the metrics $g_t$ converge to the product.
We consider illustrative examples of flows similar to (i) and (ii)
on a surface (of revolution), they yield convection-diffusion PDEs
for curvature of $D$-curves (parallels) and solutions -- non-linear
waves.
For $M$ with general $D$, we modify the flow (ii) with the help of a
measure of ``non-umbilicity" of $D_F$, and the integrability tensor
of $D$, while the fibers are totally geodesic. Let $\lambda_0$ be
the smallest eigenvalue of certain Schrödinger operator on the
fibers. We assume $H$ to be $D_F$-potential and show that
-- $H$ satisfies the forced Burgers type PDE;
-- the flow has a unique solution converging to a metric, for which
$Sc_{mix}\ge-n\lambda_0$,
and $H$ depends only on the $D$-conformal class of the initial metric.
-- if $D$ had constant rate of ``non-umbilicity" on fibers, then the
limiting metric
has the properties: $Sc_{mix}$ is quasi-positive, and $D$ is harmonic.
Define on $\, L^p({\mathbb R}^n),\, p\ge 1,$ moduli of smoothness of order
$\, r,\, r \in {\mathbb N},$ by
\[
\omega_r(t,f)_p:=\sup _{|h| <t} \| \Delta_h^rf\|_p\, ,\quad t>0,\; \;
\Delta_hf(\cdot)= f(\cdot +h)-f(\cdot),\; \Delta_h^r=\Delta_h \Delta^{r-1}_h .
\]
Trivially one has $\, \omega_r(t,f)_p \lesssim \omega_k(t,f)_p\, ,\;
k<r.$ Its converse is known as Marchaud inequality. M.F. Timan 1958
proved a sharpening of the converse, nowadays called
{\it sharp Marchaud inequality}, which in the present context takes the
form,
\[
\omega_k(t,f)_p \lesssim t^k \left( \int_{t}^{\infty} [s^{-k}
\omega_r(u,f)_p]^q \frac{du}{u} \right)^{1/q},\qquad t>0,\quad k<r.
\]
where $\, q:=\min (p,2),\, 1<p<\infty.$
Here we will show that the sharp Marchaud inequality as well as further
sharp inequalities for moduli of smoothness like Ulyanov and Kolyada type
ones are equivalent to (known) embeddings
between Besov and potential spaces.\\
To this end one has to make
use of moduli of smoothness of fractional order which can be
characterized by Peetre's (modified) $\, K$-functional, living on $\,
L^p$ and associated Riesz potential spaces. Limit cases of
the Holmstedt formula (connecting different $\, K$-functionals) show
that the embeddings imply the desired inequalities.
Conversely, the embeddings result from the inequalities for moduli of
smoothness by limit procedures.
